Dental Hygiene Behaviors among Young Adults: A Systematic Review of Surveys Using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)

Background Dental diseases are associated with chronic health conditions and decreased psychological and sociological wellbeing. Young adulthood presents a pivotal stage as dental hygiene behaviors developed and practiced during this time persist into later life. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is a commonly used theoretical framework to examine intention to engage in dental behaviors. Purpose To systematically summarize research studies using TPB questionnaires to assess predictive factors of oral hygiene behaviors among young adult populations. Methods A four-phase article identification process ensured articles met the inclusion criteria. Quality appraisal assessments were used to evaluate questionnaire construction methodology. Results Twelve articles met the study's inclusion criteria. Each study incorporated supplemental predictive factors such as oral health knowledge and expected social outcomes in addition to the TPB constructs. Discussion Evidence from this systematic review suggests that TPB is a useful theoretical framework for designing questionnaires that assess dental hygiene behaviors of young adults. Translation to Health Education Practice Health education specialists should administer oral hygiene behavior surveys that utilize TPB and TPB-related constructs to better understand factors associated with improved intentions toward dental hygiene behaviors among young adults.