Optimal location of remote terminal units in distribution systems using genetic algorithm

The paper presents a technique to investigate the problem associated with the optimal location of remote terminal units (RTUs) within distribution networks. The RTUs enable monitoring different locations, which are linked to the central control room (CCR) through a communication system. The multi-population real-coded genetic algorithm (GA) is used as an optimization technique to select the optimal locations of RTUs. The objective function in the optimization technique is to minimize the total cost including the capital costs and the running cost. The capital costs of RTUs include installing and relocating RTUs. In addition, technical factors, e.g. the node-voltage level and load importance, are added to the objective function to extend the optimization process in a general form. The optimal location of the RTUs is based on the load type, load capacity, level of voltage drop and failure rate. A part of the Egyptian distribution network is used as a real test system to show the validity, capability and efficiency of the proposed technique. A real network is chosen since it is intended to implement the obtained results in the real distribution system. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.