Association of gestational diabetes mellitus with preeclampsia: a retrospective cohort study

Objective: To explore the impact of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on preeclampsia. Methods: Singleton pregnant women who registered in our hospital between January 2010 and January 2020 were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. GDM is diagnosed according to the criteria of the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Consensus. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate the relative risk between GDM and preeclampsia. Results: Among the 800 singleton pregnancy women analyzed, 66 (8.25%) was diagnosed with GDM. We found that women with GDM had a higher risk of developing preeclampsia than women with non-GDM (12.12% vs. 4.09%, P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that GDM (odds ratio [OR] 2.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28-6.83), pre-pregnancy BMI =25 (OR 3.15, CI 1.37-7.28) and dyslipidemia (OR 2.53, CI 1.01-6.33) were significantly associated with preeclampsia. Conclusion: GDM, pre-pregnancy BMI >= 25 and dyslipidemia are significantly associated with preeclampsia.