When Are Two Heads Better than One and Why?

被引:161
作者
Koriat, Asher [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Haifa, Dept Psychol, IL-31905 Haifa, Israel
[2] Univ Haifa, Inst Informat Proc & Decis Making, IL-31905 Haifa, Israel
关键词
SUBJECTIVE CONFIDENCE; ATTITUDE CERTAINTY; JUDGMENTS; INDIVIDUALS; CROWD;
D O I
10.1126/science.1216549
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
A recent study, using a perceptual task, indicated that two heads were better than one provided that the members could communicate freely, presumably sharing their confidence in their judgments. Capitalizing on recent work on subjective confidence, I replicated this effect in the absence of any dyadic interaction by selecting on each trial the decision of the more confident member of a virtual dyad. However, because subjective confidence monitors the consensuality rather than the accuracy of a decision, when most participants were in error, reliance on the more confident member yielded worse decisions than those of the better individual. Assuming that for each issue group decisions are dominated by the more confident member, these results help specify when groups will be more or less accurate than individuals.
引用
收藏
页码:360 / 362
页数:3
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