Self-etching ceramic primer versus hydrofluoric acid etching: Etching efficacy and bonding performance

Aim: This study assessed the effect of pretreatment of hybrid and glass ceramics using a self-etching primer on the shear bond strength (SBS) and surface topography, in comparison to pretreatment with hydrofluoric acid and silane. Methods: 40 rectangular discs from each ceramic material (IPS e.max CAD; EM, Vita Mark II; VM, Vita Enamic; VE), were equally divided (n = 10) and assigned to one of four surface pretreatment methods; etching with 4.8% hydrofluoric acid followed by Monobond plus (HFMP), Monobond etch & prime (Ivoclar Vivadent) (MEP), No treatment (NT) as negative control and Monobond plus (Ivoclar Vivadent) with no etching (MP) as positive control. SBS of resin cement (Multilink-N, Ivoclar Vivadent) to ceramic surfaces was tested following a standard protocol. Surface roughness was evaluated using an Atomic force microscope (AFM). Surface topography and elemental analysis were analyzed using SEM/EDX. Data were analyzed with two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Bonferroni test at a significance level of alpha=0.05. Results: Pretreatment with HFMP resulted in higher SBS and increased surface roughness in comparison to MEP and MP. Regardless the method of surface pretreatment, the mean SBS values of EM ceramic was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those recorded for VM and VE, except when VE was treated with MEP, where the difference was statistically insignificant. Traces of fluoride ion were detected when MEP was used with VE and VM. Conclusion: Under limited conditions, using MEP resulted in comparable SBS results to HFMP; meanwhile HFMP remains the gold standard for pretreatment of glass ceramics for resin-luting cementation. (c) 2017 Japan Prosthodontic Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.