Central nervous system infections due to Stomatococcus mucilaginosus in immunocompromised hosts

We present a case of central nervous system (CNS) infection due to Stomatococcus mucilaginosus involving a patient with leukemia and summarize 12 additional published reports of CNS infection due to this organism in immunocompromised hosts. The infection was diagnosed most commonly in the setting of hematologic malignancy accompanied by chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. S. mucilaginosus was recovered from blood prior to discovery of the CNS infection in 62% of cases. Signs or symptoms of CNS infection were observed in all patients. Although a number of patients responded to regimens containing intravenous vancomycin, the addition of intrathecal vancomycin appeared to be of benefit in some cases.