Scientists' warning to humanity on insect extinctions

被引：518

作者：

Cardoso, Pedro ^{[1
]}

Barton, Philip S. ^{[2
]}

Birkhofer, Klaus ^{[3
]}

Chichorro, Filipe ^{[1
]}

Deacon, Charl ^{[4
]}

Fartmann, Thomas ^{[5
]}

Fukushima, Caroline S. ^{[1
]}

Gaigher, Rene ^{[4
]}

Habel, Jan C. ^{[6
]}

Hallmann, Caspar A. ^{[7
]}

Hill, Matthew J. ^{[8
]}

Hochkirch, Axel ^{[9
,10
]}

Kwak, Mackenzie L. ^{[11
]}

Mammola, Stefano ^{[1
,12
]}

Noriega, Jorge Ari ^{[13
]}

Orfinger, Alexander B. ^{[14
,15
]}

Pedraza, Fernando ^{[16
]}

Pryke, James S. ^{[4
]}

Roque, Fabio O. ^{[17
,18
]}

Settele, Josef ^{[19
,20
,21
]}

Simaika, John P. ^{[22
,23
]}

Stork, Nigel E. ^{[24
]}

Suhling, Frank ^{[25
]}

Vorster, Carlien ^{[4
]}

Samways, Michael J. ^{[4
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Helsinki, Lab Integrat Biodivers Res LIBRe, Finnish Museum Nat Hist LUOMUS, PO17,Pohjoinen Rautatiekatu 13, Helsinki 00014, Finland

[2] Australian Natl Univ, Fenner Sch Environm & Soc, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia

[3] Brandenburg Univ Technol Cottbus Senftenberg, Dept Ecol, Cottbus, Germany

[4] Stellenbosch Univ, Dept Conservat Ecol & Entomol, Stellenbosch, South Africa

[5] Osnabruck Univ, Dept Biodivers & Landscape Ecol, Barbarastr 11, D-49076 Osnabruck, Germany

[6] Univ Salzburg, Dept Biosci, Evolutionary Zool, Salzburg, Austria

[7] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Water & Wetland Res, Heijendaalseweg 135, NL-6525 AL Nijmegen, Netherlands

[8] Univ Huddersfield, Sch Appl Sci, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, W Yorkshire, England

[9] Trier Univ, Trier Ctr Biodivers Conservat, Dept Biogeog, Univ Sring 15, D-54296 Trier, Germany

[10] IUCN SSC Invertebrate Conservat Comm, Univ Sring 15, D-54296 Trier, Germany

[11] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, 16 Sci Dr, Singapore 117558, Singapore

[12] CNR, IRSAWater Res Inst, Verbania, Italy

[13] Univ Andes, Lab Zool & Ecol Acuat LAZOEA, Bogota, Colombia

[14] Florida A&M Univ, Ctr Water Resources, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA

[15] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA

[16] Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland

[17] Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, Biosci Inst, Cidade Univ S-N, BR-79060300 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil

[18] James Cook Univ, Ctr Trop Environm & Sustainabil Sci TESS, Cairns, Qld 4878, Australia

[19] UFZ, Dept Community Ecol, Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Theodor Lieser Str 4, D-06120 Halle, Germany

[20] German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, Deutsch Pl 5e, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany

[21] Univ Philippines Los Banos, Inst Biol Sci, Laguna 4031, Philippines

[22] IHE Delft, Dept Water Sci & Engn, NL-2611 AX Delft, Netherlands

[23] Stellenbosch Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Private Bag X1, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa

[24] Griffith Univ, Sch Environm & Sci, Environm Futures Res Inst, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia

[25] Inst Geoecol, Dept Landscape Ecol & Environm Syst Anal, Langer Kamp 19c, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany

来源：

BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION | 2020年 / 242卷

基金：

美国食品与农业研究所;

关键词：

Arthropods; Biodiversity loss; Centinelan extinctions; Drivers of extinction; Ecosystem services; Threatened species; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; HABITAT QUALITY; BRITISH BUTTERFLIES; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; ECONOMIC VALUE; FINE SEDIMENT; FLEAS INSECTA; STAG BEETLE; CONSERVATION;

D O I：

10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108426

中图分类号：

X176 [生物多样性保护];

学科分类号：

090705 ;

摘要：

Here we build on the manifesto 'World Scientists' Warning to Humanity, issued by the Alliance of World Scientists. As a group of conservation biologists deeply concerned about the decline of insect populations, we here review what we know about the drivers of insect extinctions, their consequences, and how extinctions can negatively impact humanity. We are causing insect extinctions by driving habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation, use of polluting and harmful substances, the spread of invasive species, global climate change, direct overexploitation, and co-extinction of species dependent on other species. With insect extinctions, we lose much more than species. We lose abundance and biomass of insects, diversity across space and time with consequent homogenization, large parts of the tree of life, unique ecological functions and traits, and fundamental parts of extensive networks of biotic interactions. Such losses lead to the decline of key ecosystem services on which humanity depends. From pollination and decomposition, to being resources for new medicines, habitat quality indication and many others, insects provide essential and irreplaceable services. We appeal for urgent action to close key knowledge gaps and curb insect extinctions. An investment in research programs that generate local, regional and global strategies that counter this trend is essential. Solutions are available and implementable, but urgent action is needed now to match our intentions.

引用

页数：12

共 209 条

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