[1] Nanjing Normal Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Nanjing 210023, Peoples R China
[2] Nanjing Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Virtual Geog Environm, Nanjing 210023, Peoples R China
[3] Xinjiang Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Key Lab Wisdom City & Environm Modeling, Higher Educ Inst, Urumqi 830046, Peoples R China
[4] Hohai Univ, Ctr Global Change & Water Cycle, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China
[5] Hohai Univ, Coll Hydrol & Water Resources, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China
[6] Univ Sains Malaysia, Sch Humanities, Geog Sect, Geoinformat Unit, George Town 11800, Malaysia
[7] Univ Memphis, Dept Earth Sci, Memphis, TN 38152 USA
[8] Colorado Mesa Univ Grand Junct, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Grand Junction, CO 81501 USA