RETRACTED: Livestock Drugs and Disease: The Fatal Combination behind Breeding Failure in Endangered Bearded Vultures (Retracted Article)

被引:5
作者
Blanco, Guillermo [1 ]
Lemus, Jesus A. [1 ]
机构
[1] CSIC, Dept Ecol Evolut, Museo Ciencias Nat, Madrid, Spain
关键词
POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; INFECTIOUS BURSAL DISEASE; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; AVIAN INFLUENZA; GYPAETUS-BARBATUS; WILD BIRDS; RT-PCR; REAL; CONSERVATION; DIVERSITY;
D O I
10.1371/journal.pone.0014163
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
There is increasing concern about the impact of veterinary drugs and livestock pathogens as factors damaging wildlife health, especially of threatened avian scavengers feeding upon medicated livestock carcasses. We conducted a comprehensive study of failed eggs and dead nestlings in bearded vultures (Gypaetus barbatus) to attempt to elucidate the proximate causes of breeding failure behind the recent decline in productivity in the Spanish Pyrenees. We found high concentrations of multiple veterinary drugs, primarily fluoroquinolones, in most failed eggs and nestlings, associated with multiple internal organ damage and livestock pathogens causing disease, especially septicaemia by swine pathogens and infectious bursal disease. The combined impact of drugs and disease as stochastic factors may result in potentially devastating effects exacerbating an already high risk of extinction and should be considered in current conservation programs for bearded vultures and other scavenger species, especially in regards to dangerous veterinary drugs and highly pathogenic poultry viruses.
引用
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页数:6
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