Comparison of Long COVID-19 Caused by Different SARS-CoV-2 Strains: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

被引:78
作者
Du, Min [1 ]
Ma, Yirui [1 ]
Deng, Jie [1 ]
Liu, Min [1 ]
Liu, Jue [1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Peking Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, 38, Xueyuan Rd, Haidian Dist, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China
[2] Peking Univ, Inst Global Hlth & Dev, 5, Yiheyuan Rd, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China
[3] Peking Univ, Global Ctr Infect Dis & Policy Res & Global Hlth, Infect Dis Grp, 38, Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China
[4] Natl Hlth & Family Planning Commiss Peoples Republ, Key Lab Reprod Hlth, 38, Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China
基金
中国国家自然科学基金; 北京市自然科学基金;
关键词
long COVID-19; long-term; variants; meta; review; MONTHS AFTER-DISCHARGE; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; SYMPTOMS; PERSISTENT; SEVERITY; OUTCOMES; COHORT; INFECTION; SEQUELAE;
D O I
10.3390/ijerph192316010
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Although many studies of long COVID-19 were reported, there was a lack of systematic research which assessed the differences of long COVID-19 in regard to what unique SARS-CoV-2 strains caused it. As such, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the characteristics of long COVID-19 that is caused by different SARS-CoV-2 strains. We systematically searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and ScienceDirect databases in order to find cohort studies of long COVID-19 as defined by the WHO (Geneva, Switzerland). The main outcomes were in determining the percentages of long COVID-19 among patients who were infected with different SARS-CoV-2 strains. Further, this study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022339964). A total of 51 studies with 33,573 patients was included, of which three studies possessed the Alpha and Delta variants, and five studies possessed the Omicron variant. The highest pooled estimate of long COVID-19 was found in the CT abnormalities (60.5%; 95% CI: 40.4%, 80.6%) for the wild-type strain; fatigue (66.1%; 95% CI: 42.2%, 89.9%) for the Alpha variant; and >= 1 general symptoms (28.4%; 95% CI: 7.9%, 49.0%) for the Omicron variant. The pooled estimates of >= 1 general symptoms (65.8%; 95% CI: 47.7%, 83.9%) and fatigue were the highest symptoms found among patients infected with the Alpha variant, followed by the wild-type strain, and then the Omicron variant. The pooled estimate of myalgia was highest among patients infected with the Omicron variant (11.7%; 95%: 8.3%, 15.1%), compared with those infected with the wild-type strain (9.4%; 95%: 6.3%, 12.5%). The pooled estimate of sleep difficulty was lowest among the patients infected with the Delta variant (2.5%; 95%: 0.2%, 4.9%) when compared with those infected with the wild-type strain (24.5%; 95%: 17.5%, 31.5%) and the Omicron variant (18.7%; 95%: 1.0%, 36.5%). The findings of this study suggest that there is no significant difference between long COVID-19 that has been caused by different strains, except in certain general symptoms (i.e., in the Alpha or Omicron variant) and in sleep difficulty (i.e., the wild-type strain). In the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and its emerging variants, directing more attention to long COVID-19 that is caused by unique strains, as well as implementing targeted intervention measures to address it are vital.
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页数:15
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