Corticospinal tract development and its plasticity after perinatal injury

被引:220
作者
Eyre, J. A. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Newcastle, Sch Clin Med Sci, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England
基金
英国惠康基金;
关键词
corticospinal; development; human; plasticity;
D O I
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.05.011
中图分类号
B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
The final pattern of the origin and termination of the corticospinal tract is shaped during development by the balance between projection and withdrawal of axons. In animals, unilateral inhibition of the sensorimotor cortex during development results in a sparse contralateral projection from this cortex and retention of a greater number of ipsilateral projections from the more active cortex. Similarly in subjects with hemiplegic cerebral palsy if transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the damaged motor cortex fails to evoke responses in the paretic upper limb, TMS of the undamaged ipsilateral motor cortex evokes abnormally large and short-onset responses. Rather than representing a "reparative plasticity in response to injury", this review presents evidence that increased ipsilateral projections from the non-infarcted motor cortex arise from perturbation of ongoing developmental processes, whereby reduced activity in the damaged hemipshere, leads to increased withdrawal of its surviving contralateral corticospinal projections because their terminals have been displaced by the more active ipsilateral projections of the undamaged hemisphere and thereby adding to the degree of long-term motor impairment. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:1136 / 1149
页数:14
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