Oesophageal Stem Cells and Cancer

被引:4
作者
Alcolea, Maria P. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Wellcome Trust Med Res Council Cambridge Stem Cel, Tennis Court Rd, Cambridge CB2 1QR, England
[2] Univ Cambridge, Dept Oncol, Hutchison MRC Res Ctr, Hills Rd, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, England
来源
STEM CELL MICROENVIRONMENTS AND BEYOND | 2017年 / 1041卷
基金
英国医学研究理事会;
关键词
Oesophageal cancer; Oesophageal stem cells; Oesophageal models; Lineage tracing; Early tumorigenesis; BARRETTS-ESOPHAGUS; TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT; SURFACE PHENOTYPE; CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; EPITHELIUM; INFLAMMATION; DIFFERENTIATION; IDENTIFICATION; FIBROBLASTS;
D O I
10.1007/978-3-319-69194-7_10
中图分类号
Q2 [细胞生物学];
学科分类号
071009 ; 090102 ;
摘要
Oesophageal cancer remains one of the least explored malignancies. However, in recent years its increasing incidence and poor prognosis have stimulated interest from the cancer community to understand the pathways to the initiation and progression of the disease. Critical understanding of the molecular processes controlling changes in stem cell fate and the cross-talk with their adjacent stromal neighbours will provide essential knowledge on the mechanisms that go awry in oesophageal carcinogenesis. Advances in lineage tracing techniques have represented a powerful tool to start understanding changes in oesophageal cell behaviour in response to mutations and mutagens that favour tumour development. Environmental cues constitute an important factor in the aetiology of oesophageal cancer. The oesophageal epithelium is a tissue exposed to harsh conditions that not only damage the DNA of epithelial cells but also result in an active stromal reaction, promoting tumour progression. Ultimately, cancer represents a complex interplay between malignant cells and their microenvironment. Indeed, increasing evidence suggests that the accumulation of somatic mutations is not the sole cause of cancer. Instead, non-cell autonomous components, coming from the stroma, can significantly contribute from the earliest stages of tumour formation. The realisation that stromal cells play an important role in cancer has transformed this cellular compartment into an attractive and emerging field of research. It is becoming increasingly clear that the tumour microenvironment provides unique opportunities to identify early diagnostic and prognostic markers, as well as potential therapeutic strategies that may synergise with those targeting tumour cells. This chapter compiles recent observations on oesophageal epithelial stem cell biology, and how environmental and micro-environmental changes may lead to oesophageal disease and cancer.
引用
收藏
页码:187 / 206
页数:20
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