A Hybrid Reconfigurability Structure and Improved Gain Characteristics for a Novel 5G Monopole Antenna for Future Mobile Communication

A printed and compact size antenna having functionality of frequency and pattern reconfigurability is presented in this work to be operated at 28 GHz for 5G communications. For the desired goal, antenna is incorporated with three PIN Diodes as a switch. The beam swapping of the antenna is guided by Switch 1 and Switch 2 and the frequency is controlled by Switch 3. Proposed work is validated for 28 GHz reconfiguration. When Switch 3 is on, the designed antenna operates at 26.8 GHz covering the 25.22-27.45 GHz band. When Switch 3 is off, it operates at 28.01 GHz, covering the 26.41-28.89 GHz band. The antenna is proposed to operate at the 5G mobile communication band having a center frequency at 28 GHz with a reflection coefficient of - 23.5 dB. RT Duroid 5880 with epsilon r of 2.33, tan delta of 0.0009 and thickness (h) of 0.509 mm with inset feeding to excite the antenna. With the deployment of Bended H-shaped stubs, a high gain was achieved. RLC circuit is used as PIN diode in the simulations in HFSS. Lastly the simulated and measured results have been compared for the authentication purposes.