Preparation and measurement of three-qubit entanglement in a superconducting circuit

被引:477
作者
DiCarlo, L. [1 ]
Reed, M. D. [1 ]
Sun, L. [1 ]
Johnson, B. R. [1 ]
Chow, J. M. [1 ]
Gambetta, J. M. [2 ,3 ]
Frunzio, L. [1 ]
Girvin, S. M. [1 ]
Devoret, M. H. [1 ]
Schoelkopf, R. J. [1 ]
机构
[1] Yale Univ, Dept Phys & Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA
[2] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
[3] Univ Waterloo, Inst Quantum Comp, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
HORNE-ZEILINGER ENTANGLEMENT; QUBITS; INEQUALITY; VIOLATION; PHOTON; STATES;
D O I
10.1038/nature09416
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Traditionally, quantum entanglement has been central to foundational discussions of quantum mechanics. The measurement of correlations between entangled particles can have results at odds with classical behaviour. These discrepancies grow exponentially with the number of entangled particles(1). With the ample experimental(2-4) confirmation of quantum mechanical predictions, entanglement has evolved from a philosophical conundrum into a key resource for technologies such as quantum communication and computation(5). Although entanglement in superconducting circuits has been limited so far to two qubits(6-9), the extension of entanglement to three, eight and ten qubits has been achieved among spins(10), ions(11) and photons(12), respectively. A key question for solid-state quantum information processing is whether an engineered system could display the multi-qubit entanglement necessary for quantum error correction, which starts with tripartite entanglement. Here, using a circuit quantum electrodynamics architecture(13,14), we demonstrate deterministic production of three-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states(15) with fidelity of 88 per cent, measured with quantum state tomography. Several entanglement witnesses detect genuine three-qubit entanglement by violating biseparable bounds by 830 +/- 80 per cent. We demonstrate the first step of basic quantum error correction, namely the encoding of a logical qubit into a manifold of GHZ-like states using a repetition code. The integration of this encoding with decoding and error-correcting steps in a feedback loop will be the next step for quantum computing with integrated circuits.
引用
收藏
页码:574 / 578
页数:5
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