Dielectric dispersion and relaxation mixtures of 1-butanol and phenol at lower microwave frequencies

Complex dielectric permittivity of 1-butanol, phenol and mixtures of 1-butanol+phenol at nine different concentrations of phenol in 1-butanol were measured in the frequency range 0.2-3.0 GHz using Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) at three different temperatures. Open ended co-axial probe technique suggested by Wei and Sridhar [Rev Sci Instr, 60(9) (1989) 3041] was used to obtain complex permittivity spectra of the liquid samples. The measured values of real part of complex permittivity (epsilon') and imaginary part of complex permittivity (epsilon '') were fitted to Debye equation to determine dielectric relaxation parameters, viz., relaxation time, static dielectric permittivity and high frequency limit dielectric permittivity. Concentration dependent plots of relaxation time and excess inverse relaxation time were used to gain information about the molecular interaction among the molecular species of the liquid mixtures. Information regarding the orientation of electric dipoles in the liquid mixtures is obtained from the evaluated values of the Kirkwood Correlation factor 'g'.