Choroidal excavation in choroidal osteoma complicated by choroidal neovascularization

Purpose To describe multimodal imaging features of choroidal osteoma (CO) complicated by choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and focal choroidal excavation (FCE). Methods Patients presenting with CO and CNV between January and October 2016 were considered for this study. Diagnosis of CO was confirmed by ultrasound examination. All patients underwent multimodal imaging including optical coherence tomography (OCT), swept-source OCT angiography (DRI OCT Triton, Topcon, Inc., Tokyo, Japan) and fluorescein angiography (Spectralis HRA +OCT; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany). Results Two patients (one with bilateral CO) were included in the study. OCT showed a FCE in two eyes of two patients (one in correspondence of the CNV and the other adjacent to the CNV). OCT-A demonstrated presence of microvascular flow within neovascular network of the CNVs. Decalcification of the tumor was noted in correspondence of one eye with FCE. Conclusions FCE may be found in eyes with choroidal osteoma and CNV. OCT-A was a valuable tool for detection of CNV complicating choroidal osteoma. Decalcification of choroidal osteoma may represent a common pathogenic pathway for development of FCE and CNV in choroidal osteoma.