A laconic capitulation of high pressure metrology

Advanced research on high-pressure metrology (HPM) has taken the field to new heights during the last 190 years. The design and development of the pressure balance (PB), a fundamental instrument, is regarded as a breakthrough development among several other technologies in the field of HPM during this era. The primary standards of HPM, maintained by most of the National Metrology Institutes (NMIs), are based on PBs. The present paper presents a systematic review of the research carried out in HPM. A long chain of several innovative and novel approaches adopted by different researchers in the development process of PB is discussed. The retrospective study presented here includes the working principles of pressure measuring devices; contemporary techniques; design of PBs; implications of recently adopted redefinition of SI units on pressure parameter; summary of existing Calibration and Measurement Capabilities (CMCs) in high pressure range, published in BIPM Key Comparison Database (KCDB) by different NMIs and future of PBs. The present study carried out is an attempt to include the past, present, and future of PBs. The review, therefore, presents a consolidated and concise report on the development of HPM which should be a useful resource for researchers, engineers, scientists and metrologists for future research works.