Autonomic responses to exercise: Group III/IV muscle afferents and fatigue

被引:137
作者
Amann, Markus [1 ,2 ]
Sidhu, Simranjit K. [1 ]
Weavil, Joshua C. [2 ]
Mangum, Tyler S. [2 ]
Venturelli, Massimo [3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Utah, Dept Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
[2] Univ Utah, Dept Exercise & Sport Sci, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
[3] Univ Milan, Dept Biomed Sci Hlth, I-20122 Milan, Italy
来源
AUTONOMIC NEUROSCIENCE-BASIC & CLINICAL | 2015年 / 188卷
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
Neural feedback; Central fatigue; Exercise pressor reflex; Circulation; Ventilation; STATIC MUSCULAR-CONTRACTION; CHRONIC HEART-FAILURE; LAMINA-I NEURONS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; ENDURANCE EXERCISE; DYNAMIC EXERCISE; PRESSOR REFLEX; SUPRASPINAL FACTORS; POINT-COUNTERPOINT; RHYTHMIC EXERCISE;
D O I
10.1016/j.autneu.2014.10.018
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Group III and IV muscle afferents originating in exercising limb muscle play a significant role in the development of fatigue during exercise in humans. Feedback from these sensory neurons to the central nervous system (CNS) reflexively increases ventilation and central (cardiac output) and peripheral (limb blood flow) hemodynamic responses during exercise and thereby assures adequate muscle blood flow and O-2 delivery. This response depicts a key factor in minimizing the rate of development of peripheral fatigue and in optimizing aerobic exercise capacity. On the other hand, the central projection of group III/IV muscle afferents impairs performance and limits the exercising human via its diminishing effect on the output from spinal motoneurons which decreases voluntary muscle activation (i.e. facilitates central fatigue). Accumulating evidence from recent animal studies suggests the existence of two subtypes of group III/IV muscle afferents. While one subtype only responds to physiological and innocuous levels of endogenous intramuscular metabolites (lactate, ATP, protons) associated with 'normal', predominantly aerobic exercise, the other subtype only responds to higher and concurrently noxious levels of metabolites present in muscle during ischemic contractions or following, for example, hypertonic saline infusions. This review discusses the mechanisms through which group III/IV muscle afferent feedback mediates both central and peripheral fatigue in exercising humans. We also briefly summarize the accumulating evidence from recent animal and human studies documenting the existence of two subtypes of group III/IV muscle afferents and the relevance of this discovery to the interpretation of previous work and the design of future studies. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:19 / 23
页数:5
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