The Effect of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Capacity on Postmenopausal Bone Mineral Densitometry

Objectives: There are many mechanisms associated with the onset and development of osteoporosis.The purpose of our study is to investigate the relationship between the fasting blood sugar, lipid profile, bone mineral density (BMD) values, and total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) levels, and paraoxonase 1 (PON1), arylesterase (ARE) enzyme activities in postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: Our study included 95 patients diagnosed as being postmenopausal. The patients were divided into three study groups, which were the control (T-score>-1; n=33 with normal BMD, osteopenia (-2.5<T-score <=-1; n=31), and osteoporosis (T-score <=-2.5; n=31) groups. The sociodemographic characteristics and the clinical and laboratory findings of the groups were evaluated. Serum fasting blood sugar, cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were calculated with an autoanalyzer. Serum TAS and TOS levels, PON1 and ARE enzyme activities were calculated with calorimetric tests. Results: It was determined that the duration of menopause, age, and PON1 enzyme activities were different between the groups (p<0.05), whereas other parameters were not different among groups (p>0.05). Accordingly; the comparison of the control group with the osteopenia and osteoporosis groups revealed that serum PON1 enzyme activity was significantly increased in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that increased age, duration of menopause, and oxidative stress, as well as decreased PON1 enzyme (an antioxidant enzyme) activity, lead to increased osteoporosis, independently of the lipid profile and serum fasting blood sugar.