Aptamer-Based Diagnostic Systems for the Rapid Screening of TB at the Point-of-Care

被引:12
作者
Martin, Darius Riziki [1 ,2 ]
Sibuyi, Nicole Remaliah [1 ]
Dube, Phumuzile [1 ]
Fadaka, Adewale Oluwaseun [1 ]
Cloete, Ruben [2 ]
Onani, Martin [3 ]
Madiehe, Abram Madimabe [1 ]
Meyer, Mervin [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Western Cape, Dept Biotechnol, DSI Mintek Nanotechnol Innovat Ctr Biolabels Node, Private Bag X17, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa
[2] Univ Western Cape, South African Natl Bioinformat Inst, South African Med Res Council, Bioinformat Unit, Private Bag X17, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa
[3] Univ Western Cape, Dept Chem, Private Bag X17, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa
关键词
tuberculosis; aptamers; diagnostics; lateral flow assays; point-of-care; biomarkers; DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; NEGATIVE PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; PE-PGRS PROTEINS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; IN-VITRO; TREHALOSE BIOSYNTHESIS; HIGH-AFFINITY; SOUTH-AFRICA; CELL-WALL; BIOMARKERS;
D O I
10.3390/diagnostics11081352
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
The transmission of Tuberculosis (TB) is very rapid and the burden it places on health care systems is felt globally. The effective management and prevention of this disease requires that it is detected early. Current TB diagnostic approaches, such as the culture, sputum smear, skin tuberculin, and molecular tests are time-consuming, and some are unaffordable for low-income countries. Rapid tests for disease biomarker detection are mostly based on immunological assays that use antibodies which are costly to produce, have low sensitivity and stability. Aptamers can replace antibodies in these diagnostic tests for the development of new rapid tests that are more cost effective; more stable at high temperatures and therefore have a better shelf life; do not have batch-to-batch variations, and thus more consistently bind to a specific target with similar or higher specificity and selectivity and are therefore more reliable. Advancements in TB research, in particular the application of proteomics to identify TB specific biomarkers, led to the identification of a number of biomarker proteins, that can be used to develop aptamer-based diagnostic assays able to screen individuals at the point-of-care (POC) more efficiently in resource-limited settings.
引用
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页数:24
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