Top-down modulation: bridging selective attention and working memory

被引:916
作者
Gazzaley, Adam [1 ,2 ]
Nobre, Anna C. [3 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
[2] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Physiol & Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
[3] Univ Oxford, Dept Expt Psychol, Oxford OX1 3UD, England
[4] Univ Oxford, Oxford Ctr Human Brain Act, Oxford OX1 3UD, England
基金
美国国家卫生研究院; 英国惠康基金;
关键词
SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; HUMAN VISUAL-CORTEX; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; ORIENTING ATTENTION; MENTAL REPRESENTATIONS; DIRECTED ATTENTION; SPATIAL ATTENTION; IRRELEVANT INFORMATION; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; EXTERNAL INTERFERENCE;
D O I
10.1016/j.tics.2011.11.014
中图分类号
B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Selective attention, the ability to focus our cognitive resources on information relevant to our goals, influences working memory (WM) performance. Indeed, attention and working memory are increasingly viewed as overlapping constructs. Here, we review recent evidence from human neurophysiological studies demonstrating that top-down modulation serves as a common neural mechanism underlying these two cognitive operations. The core features include activity modulation in stimulus-selective sensory cortices with concurrent engagement of prefrontal and parietal control regions that function as sources of top-down signals. Notably, top-down modulation is engaged during both stimulus-present and stimulus-absent stages of WM tasks; that is, expectation of an ensuing stimulus to be remembered, selection and encoding of stimuli, maintenance of relevant information in mind and memory retrieval.
引用
收藏
页码:129 / 135
页数:7
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