Wave effects on seedling establishment of three pioneer marsh species: survival, morphology and biomechanics

被引:41
作者
Cao, Haobing [1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ]
Zhu, Zhenchang [2 ,3 ,5 ]
James, Rebecca [2 ,3 ]
Herman, Peter M. J. [4 ,6 ]
Zhang, Liquan [1 ]
Yuan, Lin [1 ,7 ]
Bouma, Tjeerd J. [2 ,3 ,8 ]
机构
[1] East China Normal Univ, State Key Lab Estuarine & Coastal Res, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China
[2] NIOZ Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, Dept Estuarine & Delta Syst, POB 140, NL-4400 AC Yerseke, Netherlands
[3] Univ Utrecht, POB 140, NL-4400 AC Yerseke, Netherlands
[4] Delft Univ Technol, Hydraul Engn Dept, Delft, Netherlands
[5] Guangdong Univ Technol, Inst Environm & Ecol Engn, Guangzhou, Peoples R China
[6] Deltares, Delft, Netherlands
[7] East China Normal Univ, Inst Ecochongming, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China
[8] Univ Utrecht, Fac Geosci, POB 80115, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands
基金
中国国家自然科学基金; 中国博士后科学基金;
关键词
Tidal marshes; establishment; seedling; wave effects; biomechanical response; Spartina anglica; Scirpus maritimus; Phragmites australis; SALT-MARSHES; PHRAGMITES-AUSTRALIS; RELATIVE IMPORTANCE; TIDAL MARSHES; WIND-WAVES; VEGETATION; SEDIMENT; STRESS; OPPORTUNITY; RESISTANCE;
D O I
10.1093/aob/mcz136
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
Background and Aims It is important to have an in-depth mechanistic understanding of tidal marsh establishment and dynamics to ensure the long-term persistence of these valuable ecosystems. As wave forcing may be expected to impact seedling establishment, we studied the effect of water-imposed drag forces on seedling survival, morphology and biomechanical properties of three marsh pioneer species that are dominant along the salinity gradient in many areas around the world: Spartina anglica (salt to brackish), Scirpus maritimus (brackish) and Phragmites australis (brackish to fresh). Methods Using a newly developed plant-shaking mesocosm (PSM) that mimicked water-imposed wave drag forces, the effect of wave stress on seedling survival was examined, together with impacts on morphology and biomechanical properties. Key Results After 7 weeks of exposure to wave stress, lowered seedling survival and growth for all species was revealed. Wave treatments increased the root/shoot biomass ratio to enhance anchorage and made seedlings more flexible (i.e. reduced flexural rigidity), which might be regarded as a mixed outcome between a stress avoidance and stress tolerance strategy. Conclusions The different biomechanical responses between the three dominant marsh pioneer species, overall, make them less resistant to external stress. Therefore, our results indicate that the likelihood of marshes becoming established is reduced if wave energy increases. Despite the different biomechanical response of these three pioneer species to waves, the seedlings of all species were found to have low resistance to external stresses.
引用
收藏
页码:345 / 352
页数:8
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