Tough, Resilient, Adhesive, and Anti-Freezing Hydrogels Cross-Linked with a Macromolecular Cross-Linker for Wearable Strain Sensors

被引:71
作者
Liu, Rui [1 ,2 ]
Cui, Lei [1 ,2 ]
Wang, Haozheng [1 ,2 ]
Chen, Qianbing [1 ,2 ]
Guan, Ying [1 ,2 ]
Zhang, Yongjun [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Nankai Univ, Coll Chem, Inst Polymer Chem, Key Lab Funct Polymer Mat, Tianjin 300071, Peoples R China
[2] Nankai Univ, Coll Chem, Inst Polymer Chem, State Key Lab Med Chem Biol, Tianjin 300071, Peoples R China
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
hydrogels; tough; resilient; adhesive; anti-freezing; strain sensor; cross-linker; INSPIRED ADHESIVE; NETWORK HYDROGELS; SKIN; DRIVEN; ROBUST;
D O I
10.1021/acsami.1c12687
中图分类号
TB3 [工程材料学];
学科分类号
0805 ; 080502 ;
摘要
Ideal conductive hydrogels for flexible, wearable strain sensors should be tough, highly resilient, adhesive, and anti-freezing. However, such hydrogels are difficult to design. Herein, a multifunctional macromolecular crosslinker (MC) based on poly(hydroxyethyl-L-glutamine) was designed and used to synthesize the hydrogels. Cross-linking with the MC leads to a reduced inhomogeneity of the gel network. Therefore, the mechanical properties of the gels are significantly improved compared with the ordinary hydrogels cross-linked with the conventional cross-linker N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS). The MCcross-linked gels also exhibit high resilience. At the same time, replacing BIS with MC significantly improves the adhesive properties of the gel, which is attributed to the introduction of a large amount of adhesive groups with the MC. The gels can stick to various substrates including skin. The good tissue adhesiveness of the gel allows it to stick to skin by itself without using any straps or adhesive tapes when used as a flexible wearable strain sensor. Both large and subtle human movements were successfully monitored using the sensor. The signals are highly stable and reliable, thanks to the high resilience of the gel. The introduction of the polar groups also improved dramatically the anti-freezing properties of the gels. Even at -20 degrees C, the gels still remained highly flexible and stretchable, therefore allowing the gel-based sensor to work at sub-zero temperatures. The excellent toughness, resilience, tissue-adhesiveness, and anti-freezing properties of the gel make it a good choice for a flexible wearable sensor.
引用
收藏
页码:42063 / 42073
页数:11
相关论文
共 50 条
[1]   High-performance mussel-inspired adhesives of reduced complexity [J].
Ahn, B. Kollbe ;
Das, Saurabh ;
Linstadt, Roscoe ;
Kaufman, Yair ;
Martinez-Rodriguez, Nadine R. ;
Mirshafian, Razieh ;
Kesselman, Ellina ;
Talmon, Yeshayahu ;
Lipshutz, Bruce H. ;
Israelachvili, Jacob N. ;
Waite, J. Herbert .
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 2015, 6
[2]   Transparent, mechanically robust, and ultrastable ionogels enabled by hydrogen bonding between elastomers and ionic liquids [J].
Cao, Ziquan ;
Liu, Hongliang ;
Jiang, Lei .
MATERIALS HORIZONS, 2020, 7 (03) :912-918
[3]   Highly tough supramolecular double network hydrogel electrolytes for an artificial flexible and low-temperature tolerant sensor [J].
Chen, Guoqi ;
Huang, Jianren ;
Gu, Jianfeng ;
Peng, Shuijiao ;
Xiang, Xiaotong ;
Chen, Kai ;
Yang, Xiaoxiang ;
Guan, Lunhui ;
Jiang, Xiancai ;
Hou, Linxi .
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A, 2020, 8 (14) :6776-6784
[4]   Super Bulk and Interfacial Toughness of Physically Crosslinked Double-Network Hydrogels [J].
Chen, Hong ;
Liu, Yonglan ;
Ren, Baiping ;
Zhang, Yanxian ;
Ma, Jie ;
Xu, Lijian ;
Chen, Qiang ;
Zheng, Jie .
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, 2017, 27 (44)
[5]   Flexible Wearable Sensors for Cardiovascular Health Monitoring [J].
Chen, Shuwen ;
Qi, Jiaming ;
Fan, Shicheng ;
Qiao, Zheng ;
Yeo, Joo Chuan ;
Lim, Chwee Teck .
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS, 2021, 10 (17)
[6]   Instant tough bioadhesive with triggerable benign detachment [J].
Chen, Xiaoyu ;
Yuk, Hyunwoo ;
Wu, Jingjing ;
Nabzdyk, Christoph S. ;
Zhao, Xuanhe .
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2020, 117 (27) :15497-15503
[7]   Synthetically Simple, Highly Resilient Hydrogels [J].
Cui, Jun ;
Lackey, Melissa A. ;
Madkour, Ahmad E. ;
Saffer, Erika M. ;
Griffin, David M. ;
Bhatia, Surita R. ;
Crosby, Alfred J. ;
Tew, Gregory N. .
BIOMACROMOLECULES, 2012, 13 (03) :584-588
[8]   Adaptive and freeze-tolerant heteronetwork organohydrogels with enhanced mechanical stability over a wide temperature range [J].
Gao, Hainan ;
Zhao, Ziguang ;
Cai, Yudong ;
Zhou, Jiajia ;
Hua, Wenda ;
Chen, Lie ;
Wang, Li ;
Zhang, Jianqi ;
Han, Dong ;
Liu, Mingjie ;
Jiang, Lei .
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 2017, 8
[9]   A Stretchable Electronic Fabric Artificial Skin with Pressure-, Lateral Strain-, and Flexion-Sensitive Properties [J].
Ge, Jin ;
Sun, Li ;
Zhang, Fu-Rui ;
Zhang, Ye ;
Shi, Lu-An ;
Zhao, Hao-Yu ;
Zhu, Hong-Wu ;
Jiang, Hai-Long ;
Yu, Shu-Hong .
ADVANCED MATERIALS, 2016, 28 (04) :722-728
[10]   Double-network hydrogels with extremely high mechanical strength [J].
Gong, JP ;
Katsuyama, Y ;
Kurokawa, T ;
Osada, Y .
ADVANCED MATERIALS, 2003, 15 (14) :1155-+