Epicardial Adipose Tissue: Clinical Biomarker of Cardio-Metabolic Risk

被引:124
作者
Villasante Fricke, Alexandra C. [1 ]
Iacobellis, Gianluca [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Dept Med, Miami, FL 33136 USA
[2] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Clin Med Div Diabet Endocrinol & Metab, 1400 NW 10th Ave,Domin Tower Suite 805-807, Miami, FL 33136 USA
关键词
epicardial fat; epicardial adipose tissue; cardiometabolic risk; atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk; metabolic syndrome; visceral adipose tissue; psoriasis; HIV; race; FATTY LIVER-DISEASE; BODY-MASS INDEX; CORONARY-ARTERY CALCIFICATION; ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; VISCERAL FAT; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS; ABDOMINAL ADIPOSITY; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE;
D O I
10.3390/ijms20235989
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is part of the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) that surrounds the heart and it is a quantifiable, modifiable, and multifaceted tissue that has both local and systemic effects. When EAT is enlarged, EAT contributes to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk and plays a role in the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). In this review, we will discuss the role of EAT in various facets of MetS, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance. We examine the association between EAT and liver steatosis. We also address the correlations of EAT with HIV therapy and with psoriasis. We discuss racial differences in baseline EAT thickness. We conclude that EAT measurement serves as a powerful potential diagnostic tool in assessing cardiovascular and metabolic risk. Measurement of EAT is made less costly, more convenient, and yet accurate and reliable by transthoracic echocardiography. Furthermore, modification of EAT thickness has therapeutic implications for ASCVD, T2DM, and MetS.
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页数:13
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