Prognostic Factors and Surgical Tactics in Patients with Locally Recurrent Soft Tissue Sarcomas

Background: The aim of this study was to identify prognostic indicators of survival in patients with locally recurrent soft tissue sarcoma through a long-term follow-up. Methods: We retrospectively assessed the relationship between post-recurrence survival (PRS) and potential predictive factors in 135 patients who had experienced local recurrence after surgical treatment. The median follow-up time after initial recurrence was 12.3 years (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 10.4-14.2 years). Results: The 5-year estimate of the PRS rate was 53.1 % (95 % CI: 44.3-61.2 %) for the entire series. Synovial sarcoma and fibrosarcoma were associated with a significantly worse post-recurrence outcome compared with other STS histotypes. Patients with negative margins after the final surgery experienced improved survival compared with patients with positive margins (5-year survival: 46.7 % [35.2-57.5 %] vs. 35.5 % [23.4-47.8 %]; P = 0.01). In a multivariate analysis, the significant prognostic indicators for PRS were histologic grade, tumour site, time to initial recurrence, the number of recurrences and the surgical margin status attained at the last resection. Conclusions: Complete surgical resection with microscopically clear margins is desirable in patients with locally recurrent STS. However, when achieving clear surgical margins will require major functional impairment of the extremity, a radical surgical approach should be carefully weighed out for the patient in each case.