Shielding of Orbital Angular Momentum Waves by a Cavity With Apertures

In this article, for the first time, the shielding of orbital angular momentum (OAM) waves by a cavity with apertures is evaluated. This is particularly interesting because the distinguishing feature between the OAM modes is their phase distribution in space, and, hence, shielding effectiveness is a mode-dependent phenomenon. A perfectly electrically conducting cavity with multiple apertures and two OAM antennas, inside and outside the cavity, is investigated using a method of moments based tool. The behavior of OAM waves is analyzed by comparing the transmission between the OAM arrays for different cases, including their field patterns in front of and behind the apertures. The effects of the orientation and position of the transmitting antenna, the rotation, size, and form of the apertures and different cavities are explored. Additionally, the effect on the distance and the orientation angle of the outer antenna are studied. It is shown that the propagation of OAM waves through apertures is possible and that the resulting signal loss is similar to the loss of a plane wave or the field of a monopole. It is also shown that certain OAM waves penetrate the apertures better than others.