A clinical study on the association of clinical outcome and acute systolic blood pressure in cerebral hemorrhage patients

Objective: To investigate the outcome of the rapid lowering of elevated blood pressure in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage and to understand its association with clinical outcome. Materials and methods: Between July 2014 and June 2018, a total of 1,500 patients diagnosed with cerebral hemorrhage were randomized and assessed for their neurological symptoms and diagnosed with CT scan. 1,500 (42%) patients received intensive treatment, while 1,645 (58%) patients were assigned the guideline-recommended therapy. The systolic blood pressure of these patients was measured every half hour during the first day of admission. The intensive-treatment group was further categorized into five different subgroups in 10-mmHg intervals. On the other hand, the clinical outcome, as represented by the volume of hematoma, adverse events, modified Rankin scale etc.. was measured and analyzed. Results: The volume of hematoma varied with a p-value of 0.014 among the investigated groups. There was no direct correlation among the five groups based on the systolic blood pressure groups and modified Rankin scale 4 - 6. The 140 - 150 mmHg group observed an elevated risk compared to the 120 - 130 mmHg group in the modified Rankin scale ((OR = 1.59; 95% CI (0.98 - 2.61)). The hematoma enlargement increased significantly with a p-value of 0.012. There was no direct association or statistical significance between the occurrence of the clinical outcome and the multivariate relationship between the five groups based on the multivariates (p = 0.513). Conclusion: Systolic blood pressure ranging between 120 and 130 mmHg serves as an optimal goal for acute intracerebral hemorrhage by reducing the hematoma enlargement. It is also evident that the lowering of high mean systolic blood pressure after blood pressure-lowering therapy usually leads to cardiorenal injury.