Risk of multiple myeloma in a case-spouse study

This study examined lifestyle, occupation, medical history and medication use with multiple myeloma risk in a case-spouse study (481 patients, 351 spouses). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using logistic regression. Compared to spouse controls, cases were more likely to have a family history of multiple myeloma (OR=2.8, 95% CI=1.2-6.4) and smoked cigarettes (OR=1.7, 95% CI=1.2-2.5), but less likely to have consumed alcohol (OR=0.6, 95% CI=0.4-0.9). Nurse/health practitioners (OR=2.8, 95% CI=1.3-6.2) and production workers (OR=3.7, 95% CI=1.0-13.7) had significantly increased risks; and some occupations linked to diesel exhaust had elevated, but non-significant, risks. History of herpes simplex (OR=1.7, 95% CI=1.2-2.4), shingles (OR=1.7, 95% CI=1.1-2.7), sexually transmitted diseases (OR=2.0, 95% CI=1.0-3.7) and medication allergies (OR=1.7, 95% CI=1.2-2.4) were associated with higher risks. Use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, anti-convulsants, antidepressants, statins and diuretics were associated with reduced risks. The results are consistent with previous population-based studies and support the utility of patient databanks and spouse controls as a resource in epidemiologic research.