Microstructure of the diffusion bonded samples of stainless steel 316L and Zircaloy-4 in the presence of Ti interlayer at 1000 degrees C and 1050 degrees C is investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the phases in the diffusion zone (DZ) have been analyzed by energy dispersive system (EDS) attached with SEM. Five distinct regions have been observed in the sample bonded at 1000 degrees C due to the diffusion of various elements from both stainless steel and Zircaloy-4. Local melting and formation of dendritic structure occurred in the sample bonded at 1050 degrees C. Dendritic structure is achieved, which hinders cracking during solidification in the DZ. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.