Antibody-mediated autoimmune encephalitis: A practical approach

被引:13
作者
Abbatemarco, Justin R. [1 ]
Yan, Chen [1 ]
Kunchok, Amy [1 ]
Rae-Grant, Alexander [1 ]
机构
[1] Cleveland Clin, Mellen Ctr Multiple Sclerosis, U10,9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA
关键词
ASPARTATE RECEPTOR ENCEPHALITIS; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; GLIOMA-INACTIVATED; LEUCINE-RICH; DIAGNOSIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; OUTCOMES; PATTERN; PROTEIN;
D O I
10.3949/ccjm.88a.20122
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Antibody-mediated autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a heterogeneous group of inflammatory central nervous system disorders. Symptoms typically include subacute, progressive neuropsychiatric symptoms with associated cognitive dysfunction, movement disorders, and autoimmune seizures. The diagnosis should be based on objective neurologic dysfunction in combination with autoantibody testing. Treatment with immunotherapies requires both short-term and long-term strategies depending on the specific syndrome and potential for relapse. In this paper, we review key features of AE, focusing on syndromes involving cell surface and synaptic proteins, and share a practical approach to the diagnosis and management, including common pitfalls associated with nonspecific antibody findings. KEY POINTS AE is an umbrella term for a group of inflammatory central nervous system disorders associated with neuronal autoantibodies or other biomarkers of central nervous system autoimmunity. Common clinical presentations include progressive neurocognitive symptoms with concomitant movement disorders, seizures, and autonomic dysfunction that worsens over weeks to months. Objective clinical findings are needed to make the diagnosis of AE, including changes on magnetic resonance imaging,
引用
收藏
页码:459 / 471
页数:13
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