The emerging role of microRNAs in multiple sclerosis

被引：99

作者：

Junker, Andreas ^{[2
]}

Hohlfeld, Reinhard ^{[1
]}

Meinl, Edgar ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Munich, Inst Clin Neuroimmunol, D-81377 Munich, Germany

[2] Univ Gottingen, Dept Neuropathol, Univ Med Ctr, D-37075 Gottingen, Germany

来源：

NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY | 2011年 / 7卷 / 01期

关键词：

OLIGODENDROCYTE DIFFERENTIATION; IN-VIVO; LESIONS; CELLS; SYSTEM; MIRNA; IDENTIFICATION; MYELINATION; TARGETS; CD47;

D O I：

10.1038/nrneurol.2010.179

中图分类号：

R74 [神经病学与精神病学];

学科分类号：

摘要：

Several hundred microRNAs (miRNAs) fine-tune the expression of approximately half of all human genes. Recent studies have revealed that miRNA profiles in blood cells become altered in multiple sclerosis (MS), and that active and inactive MS lesions have distinct miRNA expression patterns. The dysregulated miRNAs in MS lesions seem to be associated with astrocytes and infiltrating immune cells, and might unleash local macrophages through downregulation of the self-recognition signal CD47. The expression of miRNA-326 in blood cells has been reported to increase during relapses. This miRNA promotes T helper 17 cell differentiation and is highly abundant in active MS lesions. miRNAs are needed for maintenance of the myelin sheath, and the absence of such molecules results in axonal damage in mice. miRNA-219 and other miRNAs promote oligodendrocyte differentiation. Here, we discuss the possible contribution of miRNAs to MS pathogenesis. An improved understanding of this contribution should help to identify novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers for this disease.

引用

页码：56 / 59

页数：4

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