Influence of Pseudomonas fluorescens and arbuscular mycorrhiza on the growth, yield, quality and resistance of wheat infected with Gaeumannomyces graminis

The interaction between the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Glomus mossea, the plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Pseudomonas fluorescens strain RA56 and the take-all pathogen Gaeumannomyces graminis, were investigated on spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The subsequent effects on growth, yield, seed quality and resistance of plants were investigated under greenhouse conditions over a 2-year period. Plants inoculated with G. mosseae or P. fluorescens strain RA56 had a lower incidence of the root take all disease than untreated ones. The combined inoculation of P. fluorescens strain RA56 and AMF showed the best results in reducing pathogen impact at 4 weeks. Furthermore, prior treatment with AMF resulted in an increase in shoot drymass and seed yield in G. graminis infected wheat. The best results in terms of mycorrhiza. colonization was recorded with 10% of mycorrhiza inoculum.