Relative Shannon's Entropy Approach for Quantifying Urban Growth Using Remote Sensing and GIS: A Case Study of Cuttack City, Odisha, India

Urbanization is a developing process at the cost of the environment. Many fertile agricultural and forest land are concealed under the belt of urban growth. In this study, we integrate the statistical method (Relative Shannon's entropy) with remote sensing and GIS to quantify the urban growth pattern of Cuttack City of Odisha. Satellite images of Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper and Resourcesat-1 (IRS-P6) LISS-III were downloaded from USGS and Bhuvan sites of ISRO. The study area is clipped from images with AOI (area of interest) using masking tool and is classified using maximum likelihood classification tool of ArcGIS 10.3 software to prepare LULC (Land use/Land cover) map of the investigated area for the years 1990, 2000, 2010, 2018. The Cuttack City spreads over about 45.205 sq. Km. It has been observed that 46.75% growth of built-up has been made from 1990 to 2018. Similarly, vegetation cover and water bodies have been reduced by 35.71% and 68.60%, respectively, from 1990 to 2018. Relative Shannon's entropy method was used to quantify the pattern of urban growth of Cuttack City. The entire study area is classified into 37 zones to depict the growth pattern of every nook and corner of the city from 1990 to 2018.