Adjunct and minimally invasive techniques for the diagnosis and treatment of vertebral tumors

As more minimally invasive modalities for the diagnosis and treatment of primary spinal column tumors are developed, patients increasingly have the option of procedures that reduce the risk for morbidity and mortality and shorten recovery times. This review demonstrates a wide range of innovative techniques used in the diagnosis and nonoperative and operative treatment of primary spinal tumors. Some techniques facilitate actual tumor resection, whereas others provide symptomatic relief and clinical improvements.