Comparative whole-body 201Tl and bone scintigraphies for the detection of bone marrow involvement in multiple myeloma

The objectives of this study were to investigate the role of whole-body Tl-201-chloride scintigraphy in comparison with bone scintigraphy in the detection of bone marrow involvement in patients with multiple myeloma and to assess the follow-up evaluation using Tl-201-chloride. Twenty-one patients with untreated multiple myeloma were evaluated. Tl-201-chloride images were acquired 10 min (early) and 2 h (delayed) after the injection of Ill MBq Tl-201-chloride. Bone images were acquired 3 h after the intravenous injection of 740 MBq Tc-99m-hydroxymethylene diphosphonate (HMDP). The Tl-201-chloride scan patterns were classified as normal, diffuse (presence of bone marrow), focal (localized areas of uptake) and diffuse+focal. The bone scan patterns were classified as normal and abnormal. Eight of the 21 patients also underwent Tl-201-chloride scintigraphy after chemotherapy for the evaluation of the therapeutic response. On the early Tl-201-chloride image, two patients showed a normal, 13 a diffuse, two a focal and four a diffuse+focal pattern. On the delayed Tl-201-chloride image, nine patients showed a normal, six a diffuse, four a focal and two a diffuse+focal pattern. Bone scintigraphy showed an abnormal accumulation in only five of the 21 patients. Of the eight patients who under-went follow-up Tl-201-chloride studies, the abnormal diffuse pattern was changed to a normal pattern on post-treatment scintigraphy in three, and the degree of abnormal Tl-201-chloride accumulation decreased in comparison with the pre-treatment scan in three. These six patients were considered to be in clinical remission. In the two remaining patients, the degree of abnormal Tl-201-chloride accumulation increased in comparison with the pre-treatment scan, and they were considered to be in clinical progression. Tl-201-chloride scintigraphy is a non-invasive tool, which may be more useful than bone scintigraphy for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma, and may be helpful in the follow-up of multiple myeloma. ((C) 2003 Lippincott Williams Wilkins).