Trace elements and human health risks assessment of finer aerosol atmospheric particles (PM1)

被引:37
作者
Caggiano, Rosa [1 ]
Sabia, Serena [1 ]
Speranza, Antonio [1 ]
机构
[1] CNR, IMAA, I-85050 Tito, PZ, Italy
关键词
Aerosol particles; PM1 trace elements; Back-trajectories; Human health risk; ULTRAFINE PARTICULATE MATTER; HEAVY-METALS; CHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; AGRI VALLEY; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; AIR-POLLUTION; PM2.5; EXPOSURE; URBAN;
D O I
10.1007/s11356-019-06756-w
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The present study investigated PM1 (aerosol particles with an aerodynamic diameter <= 1.0 mu m) mass concentrations and sixteen (Al, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, S, Ti, and Zn) PM1-related trace elements. PM1 samples were collected in an anthropized area of international attention close to oil/gas pre-treatment plants in Agri Valley (Southern Italy). The PM1 mass concentrations varied from 3 to 16 mu g/m(3). The decreasing pattern of the trace element concentrations was S > Ca > Na > K approximate to Mg approximate to Fe > Al > Li > Cr > Zn > Ti > Cu > Ni approximate to Mn > Pb approximate to Cd. Anthropogenic local emissions such as biomass burning, vehicular traffic, and industrial sources mainly related to oil/gas pre-treatment plants were identified by the principal component analysis. Further, air mass back-trajectory analyses suggest an important contribute to the long-range transport on PM1 at Agri Valley. The carcinogenic (Cd, Cr(VI), Ni, and Pb) and non-carcinogenic (Cd, Cr(VI), Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) health risks both for children and for adults were assessed using the United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) methods considering inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact pathway. Chromium (VI) posed the highest carcinogenic risk for both children and adults. The integrated carcinogenic risks were respectively 3.45 x 10(-5) and 1.38 x 10(-4) for children and adults indicating that attention should be paid for carcinogenic health effects. Nickel posed the highest non-carcinogenic risk for children through inhalation pathway. The integrated non-carcinogenic risk showed a value higher than 1 highlighting that Cd, Cr(VI), Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn may cause cumulative non-carcinogenic health effect for children from inhalation exposure.
引用
收藏
页码:36423 / 36433
页数:11
相关论文
共 70 条
[1]   Long-term trend of airborne particulate matter in Seoul, Korea from 2004 to 2013 [J].
Ahmed, Ezaz ;
Kim, Ki-Hyun ;
Shon, Zang-Ho ;
Song, Sang-Keun .
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 2015, 101 :125-133
[2]   Composition of rare earth elements in settling particles collected in the highly productive North Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea: Implications for siliceous-matter dissolution kinetics and formation of two REE-enriched phases [J].
Akagi, Tasuku ;
Fu, Feng-fu ;
Hongo, Yayoi ;
Takahashi, Kozo .
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA, 2011, 75 (17) :4857-4876
[3]   Identification and chemical characterization of industrial particulate matter sources in southwest Spain [J].
Alastuey, Andrds ;
Querol, Xavier ;
Plana, Feliciano ;
Viana, Mar ;
Ruiz, Carmen R. ;
de la Campa, Ana Sanchez ;
de la Rosa, Jesus ;
Mantilla, Enrique ;
dos Santos, Saul Garcia .
JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 2006, 56 (07) :993-1006
[4]   PM10 metal concentrations and source identification using positive matrix factorization and wind sectoring in a French industrial zone [J].
Alleman, Laurent Y. ;
Lamaison, Laure ;
Perdrix, Esperanza ;
Robache, Antoine ;
Galloo, Jean-Claude .
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH, 2010, 96 (04) :612-625
[5]   Early Postnatal Exposure to Ultrafine Particulate Matter Air Pollution: Persistent Ventriculomegaly, Neurochemical Disruption, and Glial Activation Preferentially in Male Mice [J].
Allen, Joshua L. ;
Liu, Xiufang ;
Pelkowski, Sean ;
Palmer, Brian ;
Conrad, Katherine ;
Oberdoerster, Guenter ;
Weston, Douglas ;
Mayer-Proschel, Margot ;
Cory-Slechta, Deborah A. .
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES, 2014, 122 (09) :939-945
[6]   Quantifying road dust resuspension in urban environment by Multilinear Engine: A comparison with PMF2 [J].
Amato, F. ;
Pandolfi, M. ;
Escrig, A. ;
Querol, X. ;
Alastuey, A. ;
Pey, J. ;
Perez, N. ;
Hopke, P. K. .
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 2009, 43 (17) :2770-2780
[7]   Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning [J].
Andreae, MO ;
Merlet, P .
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES, 2001, 15 (04) :955-966
[8]  
[Anonymous], AG CLASS IARC MON
[9]  
[Anonymous], SCI TOTAL ENV
[10]  
[Anonymous], CARDIOVASC TOXICOL