Increasing Benefits in High PV Penetration Distribution System by Using Battery Enegy Storage and Capacitor Placement Based on Salp Swarm Algorithm

This work aims to maximize the benefit of the low-voltage (LV) level distribution system with high photovoltaic (PV) penetration by using an optimal installation of a battery energy storage system (BESS) and capacitor. The 41-bus practical distribution system located in Thailand was focused on. The comprehensive objective function regarding the focused system was proposed. The Salp Swarm and Genetic Algorithms were applied to solve the optimization problem. The total net present value (NPV) of utility was performed as a beneficial indicator, and it was determined by the overall costs and benefits of BESS installation and capacitor placement. A comparison of total NPV in the cases of centralized BESS installation, BESS installation with LV capacitor placement, and decentralized BESS installation was indicated. The results showed that all cases of BESS installation could increasingly flatten the load on the transformer; meanwhile, the voltage profile of the system was significantly improved. Optimal installation of centralized BESS simultaneously with LV capacitor placement provides higher NPV than the case with only centralized BESS installation. In particular, the highest NPV was obtained in the case of installing decentralized BESS. The results can be utilized to maximize the benefits of the utility in the distribution system at a high PV penetration level.