Nucleation environment of diamonds from Yakutian kimberlites

被引:80
作者
Bulanova, GP
Griffin, WL
Ryan, CG
机构
[1] TSNIGRI, Moscow 113545, Russia
[2] Macquarie Univ, Sch Earth Sci, GEMOC Key Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
[3] CSIRO, N Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia
关键词
diamond; inclusions; nucleation; growth; Yakutia; kimberlite;
D O I
10.1180/002646198547675
中图分类号
P57 [矿物学];
学科分类号
070901 ;
摘要
The micro-inclusions located in the generic centre of Yakutian diamond monocrystals have been studied using optical (anomalous birefringence, photoluminescence, cathodoluminescence) and microanalytical (electron-microprobe, proton-microprobe, scanning electron microscope) methods. Most diamonds nucleated heterogeneously on mineral seeds, that lowered the energy barrier to nucleation. Nucleation of peridotitic diamonds occurred on a matrix of graphite+iron+wustite, in an environment dominated by forsteritic olivine and Fe-Ni sulfide. Nucleation of eclogitic diamonds occurred on a matrix of sulfide +/- iron in an environment dominated by Fe-sulfide and omphacite (+/-K-Na-Al-Si-melt). The mineral assemblages recorded in the central Inclusions of Yakutian diamonds indicate that they grew in a reduced environment, with oxygen fugacity controlled by the iron-wustite equilibrium. Nucleation of diamond occurred in the presence of a fluid, possibly a volatile-rich silicate melt, highly enriched in LIL (K, Ba, Rb, Sr) and HFSE (Nb, Ti, Zr) elements. This fluid also carried immiscible Fe-Ni-sulfide melts, and possibly a carbonatitic component; the introduction of this fluid into a reduced refractory environment may have been accompanied by a thermal pulse, and may have created the conditions necessary for the nucleation and growth of diamond.
引用
收藏
页码:409 / 419
页数:11
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