Stent-Assisted Angioplasty (SAA) at the Level of the Common Femoral Artery Bifurcation: Long-Term Outcomes

Background The objective of this retrospective single-center study was to report the initial and the long-term outcome after stent-assisted angioplasty of occlusive disease at the common femoral artery. Materials and Methods Between 1995 and 2015, 94 limbs in 79 consecutive patients (54 men; mean age 70 +/- 8.6 years) underwent angioplasty with self-expanding stent implantation in 94 common femoral arteries. Critical limb ischemia was present in 15 limbs (16%); the other patients had claudication. Results Technical success was 99%. Complications occurred in 5/94 interventions (5.3%): puncture site hematomas (2), arteriovenous fistula (1), cholesterol embolism (1), and dissection of the access site artery (1). The intervention was outpatient-based in 98%. Median follow-up was 53 months. Ankle-brachial index (ABI) rose from 0.71 +/- 0.17 to 1.0 +/- 0.2 (p < .001) immediately after the intervention and was 1.03 +/- 0.2 after 1 year and 0.96 +/- 0.21 at the last follow-up visit (p < .001 compared to pre-interventional ABI). During follow-up, restenosis was found in 23/94 limbs (25%); 15 limbs were treated by angioplasty, 3 by surgery, and 5 conservatively. One limb was amputated below the knee 6 months after stent-assisted angioplasty (SAA). Death rate during follow-up was 35/79 patients (44%). Conclusions SAA of the CFA resulted in high immediate success and a low complication rate. Restenosis rate was moderate, and target lesions could easily be retreated by angioplasty. The main hazard was not restenosis, but death during follow-up.