Small communities in the USA and around the globe have many constraints on their water pollution control programs. They have unique technical and financial challenges that are different from large urban centers. In the USA, there is need to upgrade or to replace many aging rural systems, while in developing countries many of their programs are still under development beyond rudimentary sanitation. They all face similar financial constraints for construction, and maintenance and operation of facilities. Innovative alternative technologies can provide opportunities to overcome present constraints. However, the technologies should be affordable, easy to operate and maintain, and at the same time sustainable. Advanced Integrated Pond Systems is an appropriate technology for small communities that can lead to successful pollution control programs. These systems have been developed and proven in practice in the USA and developing countries.