Measurement of the scintillation time spectra and pulse-shape discrimination of low-energy β and nuclear recoils in liquid argon with DEAP-1

被引:34
作者
Amaudruz, P-A. [11 ]
Batygov, M. [3 ,13 ]
Beltran, B. [1 ]
Bonatt, J. [7 ]
Boudjemline, K. [2 ]
Boulay, M. G. [2 ,7 ]
Broerman, B. [7 ]
Bueno, J. F. [1 ]
Butcher, A. [8 ]
Cai, B. [7 ]
Caldwell, T. [6 ]
Chen, M. [7 ]
Chouinard, R. [1 ]
Cleveland, B. T. [3 ,9 ]
Cranshaw, D. [7 ]
Dering, K. [7 ]
Duncan, F. [3 ,9 ]
Fatemighomi, N. [8 ]
Ford, R. [3 ,9 ]
Gagnon, R. [7 ]
Giampa, P. [7 ]
Giuliani, F. [4 ]
Gold, M. [4 ]
Golovko, V. V. [7 ,14 ]
Gorel, P. [1 ]
Grace, E. [8 ]
Graham, K. [2 ]
Grant, D. R. [1 ]
Hakobyan, R. [1 ]
Hallina, A. L. [1 ]
Hamstra, M. [2 ]
Harvey, P. [7 ]
Hearns, C. [7 ]
Hofgartner, J. [3 ,15 ]
Jillings, C. J. [3 ,9 ]
Kuzniak, M. [7 ,13 ]
Lawson, I. [3 ,9 ]
La Zia, F. [8 ]
Li, O. [9 ]
Lidgard, J. J. [7 ]
Liimatainen, P. [9 ]
Lippincott, W. H. [12 ,16 ]
Mathew, R. [7 ]
McDonald, A. B. [7 ]
McElroy, T. [1 ]
McFarlane, K. [9 ]
McKinsey, D. N. [12 ]
Mehdiyev, R. [2 ]
Monroe, J. [8 ]
Muir, A. [11 ]
机构
[1] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
[2] Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
[3] Laurentian Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
[4] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
[5] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27517 USA
[6] Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
[7] Queens Univ, Dept Phys Engn Phys & Astron, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
[8] Royal Holloway Univ London, Egham Hill, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England
[9] SNOLAB, Lively, ON P3Y 1M3, Canada
[10] Univ Sussex, Sussex House, Brighton BN1 9RH, E Sussex, England
[11] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada
[12] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
[13] Carleton Univ, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
[14] CNL, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada
[15] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA
[16] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
[17] LANL, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA
[18] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, POB 20-364, Mexico City 01000, DF, Mexico
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会; 加拿大创新基金会;
关键词
Dark matter; WIMPs; Liquid noble gas detector; Liquid argon; Pulse-shape discrimination; DEAP; DARK-MATTER; DEPENDENCE; AR-39;
D O I
10.1016/j.astropartphys.2016.09.002
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
The DEAP-1 low-background liquid argon detector was used to measure scintillation pulse shapes of electron and nuclear recoil events and to demonstrate the feasibility of pulse-shape discrimination down to an electron-equivalent energy of 20 keV(ee). In the surface dataset using a triple-coincidence tag we found the fraction of,6 events that are misidentified as nuclear recoils to be < 1.4 x 10(-7) (90% C.L.) for energies between 43-86 keV(ee) and for a nuclear recoil acceptance of at least 90%, with 4% systematic uncertainty on the absolute energy scale. The discrimination measurement on surface was limited by nuclear recoils induced by cosmic-ray generated neutrons. This was improved by moving the detector to the SNOLAB underground laboratory, where the reduced background rate allowed the same measurement to be done with only a double-coincidence tag. The combined data set contains 1.23 x 10(8) events. One of those, in the underground data set, is in the nuclear-recoil region of interest. Taking into account the expected background of 0.48 events coming from random pileup, the resulting upper limit on the level of electronic recoil contamination is < 2.7 x 10(-8) (90% C.L.) between 44-89 keV(ee) and for a nuclear recoil acceptance of at least 90%, with 6% systematic uncertainty on the absolute energy scale. We developed a general mathematical framework to describe pulse-shape-discrimination parameter distributions and used it to build an analytical model of the distributions observed in DEAP-1. Using this model, we project a misidentification fraction of approximately 10(-10) for an electron-equivalent energy threshold of 15 keVee for a detector with 8 PE/keV(ee) light yield. This reduction enables a search for spin independent scattering of WIMPs from 1000 kg of liquid argon with a WIMP-nucleon cross-section sensitivity of 10(-46) cm(2), assuming negligible contribution from nuclear recoil backgrounds. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:1 / 23
页数:23
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