Nanoparticles capable of managing hypoglycemia and preventing myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury

Diabetes, and its complications, is a major threat to human health. In this research, we successfully synthesized a new type of glucose-responsive poly(3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid-co-pterostilbene) (p(AAPBA-co-PTE) nanoparticle. The nanoparticles are round in shape with a size between 150 and 200 nm. Insulin-loaded p(AAPBA-co-PTE) nanoparticles can self-adjust according to the changes in glucose concentration in vitro to achieve effective and sustained levels of insulin. P(AAPBA-co-PTE) nanoparticles have good stability, and the drug loading of insulin-loaded p(AAPBA-co-PTE) nanoparticles is up to 16.7%, the encapsulation efficiency is up to 82.4% and the release rate of pterostilbene in vitro is up to 81%. The p(AAPBA-co-PTE) nanoparticles have low toxicity toward cells, and can effectively reduce blood sugar within 24 h. After 14 days of treatment, an animal model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI) was established. After treatment with the insulin-loaded p(AAPBA-co-PTE) nanoparticles, the rat heart function was significantly improved, and the levels of inflammatory factors were significantly reduced. P(AAPBA-co-PTE) nanoparticles were therefore successfully synthesized, and had good performance. P(AAPBA-co-PTE) nanoparticles appear to have the effect of reducing blood sugar and preventing MI/RI, and may be valuable for the development of treatments for MI/RI.