Investigation of tubular positive plate formation in lead-acid batteries by in situ electrochemical scan

The tubular positive plate formation in lead-acid batteries has been studied by an in situ electrochemical scan technique to measure the current and potential distributions. The distributions of the current density, potential, and polarization resistance were uneven in the earlier stage of the formation. This is attributed to the conductivity of the positive paste. The formation of the tubular positive plate can be divided into three stages according to the polarization. The first stage is before inputting similar to 50% the charge amount, in which the conductivity of the paste is dominant. After that, the positive polari ' zation depends on both the conductivity and the electrochemical reactions in the formation process between about 50 and 80% charge amount. Finally, the electrochemical reactions become dominant. The charge amount of different parts was also uneven in the entire formation, which was determined by the distribution of the current density in the initial stage of high current charge. (c) 2005 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/1.1859712] All rights reserved.