Fermi and Swift Observations of GRB 190114C: Tracing the Evolution of High-energy Emission from Prompt to Afterglow

被引:61
作者
Ajello, M. [1 ]
Arimoto, M. [2 ]
Axelsson, M. [3 ,4 ]
Baldini, L. [5 ,6 ]
Barbiellini, G. [7 ,8 ]
Bastieri, D. [9 ,10 ]
Bellazzini, R. [11 ]
Berretta, A. [12 ,13 ]
Bissaldi, E. [13 ,14 ]
Blandford, R. D. [15 ,16 ]
Bonino, R. [17 ,18 ]
Bottacini, E. [15 ,16 ,19 ]
Bregeon, J. [20 ]
Bruel, P. [21 ]
Buehler, R. [22 ]
Burns, E. [23 ]
Buson, S. [24 ]
Cameron, R. A. [15 ,16 ]
Caputo, R. [23 ]
Caraveo, P. A. [25 ]
Cavazzuti, E. [26 ]
Chen, S. [9 ,19 ]
Chiaro, G. [25 ]
Ciprini, S. [27 ,28 ]
Cohen-Tanugi, J. [20 ]
Costantin, D. [29 ]
Cutini, S. [30 ]
D'Ammando, F. [31 ]
DeKlotz, M. [32 ]
Luque, P. de la Torre [13 ]
de Palma, F. [17 ]
Desai, A. [1 ]
Di Lalla, N. [5 ,6 ]
Di Venere, L. [13 ,14 ]
Dirirsa, F. Fana [33 ]
Fegan, S. J. [21 ]
Franckowiak, A. [22 ]
Fukazawa, Y. [34 ]
Funk, S. [35 ]
Fusco, P. [13 ,14 ]
Gargano, F. [14 ]
Gasparrini, D. [27 ,28 ]
Giglietto, N. [13 ,14 ]
Gill, R. [36 ]
Giordano, F. [13 ,14 ]
Giroletti, M. [31 ]
Granot, J. [36 ]
Green, D. [37 ]
Grenier, I. A. [38 ]
Grondin, M. -H. [39 ]
机构
[1] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA
[2] Kanazawa Univ, Inst Sci & Engn, Fac Math & Phys, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan
[3] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[4] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[5] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
[6] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
[7] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
[8] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
[9] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy
[10] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy
[11] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
[12] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
[13] Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy
[14] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
[15] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[16] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[17] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy
[18] Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy
[19] Univ Padua, Dept Phys & Astron, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padua, Italy
[20] Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, F-34095 Montpellier, France
[21] Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
[22] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
[23] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
[24] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany
[25] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Milano, Via E Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy
[26] Italian Space Agcy, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy
[27] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy
[28] Space Sci Data Ctr, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy
[29] Univ Padua, Dept Stat Sci, Via 8 Febbraio 2, I-35122 Padua, Italy
[30] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
[31] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
[32] Stellar Solut Inc, 250 Cambridge Ave,Suite 204, Palo Alto, CA 94306 USA
[33] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, POB 524, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa
[34] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan
[35] Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
[36] Open Univ Israel, Dept Nat Sci, 1 Univ Rd,POB 808, IL-43537 Raanana, Israel
[37] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany
[38] Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris Saclay, Sorbonne Paris Cite, CNRS,CEA,AIM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
[39] Univ Bordeaux 1, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, BP120, F-33175 Gradignan, France
[40] George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, 725 21st St NW, Washington, DC 20052 USA
[41] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
[42] Royal Inst Technol, Nordita, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[43] Stockholm Univ, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[44] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35808 USA
[45] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[46] Dalarna Univ, Sch Educ Hlth & Social Studies, Nat Sci, SE-79188 Falun, Sweden
[47] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA
[48] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
[49] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
[50] Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
基金
以色列科学基金会;
关键词
GAMMA-RAY BURST; LIGHT CURVES; RELATIVISTIC TURBULENCE; SYNCHROTRON; SPECTRA; TELESCOPE; COMPONENT;
D O I
10.3847/1538-4357/ab5b05
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
We report on the observations of gamma-ray burst (GRB) 190114C by the Fermi Gamma -ray Space Telescope and the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory. The prompt gamma-ray emission was detected by the Fermi GRB Monitor (GBM), the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT), and the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) and the long-lived afterglow emission was subsequently observed by the GBM, LAT, Swift X-ray Telescope (XRT), and Swift UV Optical Telescope. The early -time observations reveal multiple emission components that evolve independently, with a delayed power-law component that exhibits significant spectral attenuation above 40 MeV in the first few seconds of the burst. This power-law component transitions to a harder spectrum that is consistent with the afterglow emission observed by the XRT at later times. This afterglow component is clearly identifiable in the GBM and BAT light curves as a slowly fading emission component on which the rest of the prompt emission is superimposed. As a result, we are able to observe the transition from internal-shock- to external-shock-dominated emission. We find that the temporal and spectral evolution of the broadband afterglow emission can be well modeled as synchrotron emission from a forward shock propagating into a wind -like circumstellar environment. We estimate the initial bulk Lorentz factor using the observed high-energy spectral cutoff. Considering the onset of the afterglow component, we constrain the deceleration radius at which this forward shock begins to radiate in order to estimate the maximum synchrotron energy as a function of time. We find that even in the LAT energy range, there exist high-energy photons that are in tension with the theoretical maximum energy that can be achieved through synchrotron emission from a shock. These violations of the maximum synchrotron energy are further compounded by the detection of very high-energy (VHE) emission above 300 GeV by MAGIC concurrent with our observations. We conclude that the observations of VHE photons from GRB 190114C necessitates either an additional emission mechanism at very high energies that is hidden in the synchrotron component in the LAT energy range, an acceleration mechanism that imparts energy to the particles at a rate that is faster than the electron synchrotron energy -loss rate, or revisions of the fundamental assumptions used in estimating the maximum photon energy attainable through the synchrotron process.
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页数:19
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