C-reactive protein in midlife is associated with depressive symptoms two decades later among men with coronary heart disease

Aim: We investigated the relationship between midlife C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in men with coronary heart disease (CHD) and depressive symptoms at old age. CRP levels were measured in a subset of patients with CHD, who previously participated in a secondary prevention trial. Methods: Depressive symptoms were evaluated in survivors of the original cohort 15.0 +/- 3 and 19.9 +/- 1 years later (T1, n = 463 and T2, n = 314 respectively) using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), 15-item version. Logistic regression was used to estimate ORs and 95%CIs for presence of potentially clinically significant depressive symptoms (GDS >= 5) at T1 and T2. Results: Adjusting for demographic and health-related variables, the OR (95%CI) for GDS >= 5 was 1.23 (0.65-2.33); p = .53 at T1 and 2.36 (1.16-4.83); p = .018 at T2 in the top CRP tertile compared to the others. Similarly, consistently high CRP levels in the top tertile at baseline and 2 years later, were associated with OR of 2.85 (95%CI 1.29-6.30); p = .01 for GDS >= 5 at T2. Conclusions: Presence and persistence of low-grade inflammation in men with CHD during midlife are associated with increased risk of depressive symptoms twenty years later. Among middle aged men with CHD, low-grade inflammation may provide an important added value for prediction of depression in old age.