The Combination of Platelet Rich Plasma Gel, Human Umbilical Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Nanohydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 Promotes Angiogenesis and Bone Regeneration in Large Bone Defect

Background: In the present study, a novel tissue engineering bone graft including platelet rich plasma gel (PRP gel), human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) and nanohydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 (nHA-PA66) was constructed. We explored whether the composite scaffolds could enhance the angiogenesis and bone repair capacity in rat femoral large bone defect (LBD). This study aimed to provide evidence for the clinical application of the composite scaffold in LBD treatment. Methods: PRP was prepared, the platelets and growth factors were measured. HUMSCs were isolated and identified. the osteogenic capacity of PRP in vitro was measured. Then HUMSCs-PRP-gel/nHA-PA66 composite scaffolds were synthesized and observed. The proliferation and osteogenesis differentiation of HUMSCs on the composite scaffold was measured. The angiogenic capacity of PRP in vitro was measured by capillary-like tube formation assay. Finally, the angiogenesis and bone repair capacity of the composite scaffolds was measured in rat LBD. Results: PRP contained high level of platelets and growth factors after activation, and promoted osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation in vitro. The HUMSCs-PRP-gel/nHA-PA66 composite scaffold was porosity and promoted the proliferation and osteogenesis differentiation of HUMSCs. At 12th weeks, more micro-vessels and new bone were formed around the composite scaffolds compared with other groups, the defect was almost repaired. Conclusion: Our study for the first time identified that the combination of PRP gel, HUMSCs and nHA-PA66 scaffold could significantly promote angiogenesis and bone regeneration in rat LBD, which may have implications for its further application in clinical LBD treatment.