Pediatric radiofrequency catheter ablation: Results of initial 100 consecutive cases including congenital heart anomalies

Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) has recently become a management option for pediatric tachycardia. We reviewed the records of a total of 100 patients (aged 10 months to 19 yr) who had undergone RFCA, from March 2000 to June 2004. Types of arrhythmia (age, acute success rate) were as follows: atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT, 9.0 +/- 3.7 yr, 66/67), atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT, 13 +/- 2.5 yr, 16/16), ectopic atrial tachycardia (6.4 +/- 3.3 yr, 5/5), junctional ectopic tachycardia (10 month, 1/1), ventricular tachycardia (12 +/- 4.9 yr, 6/6), post-surgical intraatrial reentrant tachycardia (15.6 +/- 4.1 yr, 2/3), twin node tachycardia (4 yr, 0/1), and His bundle ablation (9 yr, 1/1). The age of AVNRT was older than that of AVRT (p=0.002). Associated cardiac disease was detected in 17 patients including 6 univentricular patients, and 3 Ebstein's anomaly patients. RFCA for multiple accessory pathways required longer fluoroscopic times than did the single accessory pathway (53.9 +/- 4.8 vs. 36.2 +/- 24.1 min; p=0.03), and was associated with a higher recurrence rate (319 vs. 3/53; p=0.03). Regardless of the presence or absence of cardiac diseases, the overall acute success rate was 97% without major complications, the recurrence rate was 8.2%, and the final success rate was 97%. This experience confirmed the efficacy and safety of RFCA in the management of tachycardia in children.