A state sharding model on the blockchain

Blockchain is an incrementally updated ledger maintained by distributed nodes with excellent features such as decentralization and immutability. However, the development of blockchain is now limited due to storage redundancy. Specifically, nodes cannot afford to store a large amount of data, and the mechanism of setting many ordinary nodes as light nodes sacrifices the most important decentralization feature of the blockchain. This paper proposes the SSChain sharding scheme, which reduces the storage burden of each node on the blockchain without losing the decentralization feature. First, we shard the state in the blockchain through the data structure of Merkle DAG; then, shard all nodes in the blockchain through DHT technology; finally, store the state in the blockchain in different Node and establish a mapping relationship. With this scheme, each node only needs to store the state data allocated to it by the storage system, and can obtain other state data it needs from other nodes. After experimentation, the solution of this paper is feasible. The performance of storage is better than other current solutions, and the scalability of the blockchain is improved.