A global meta-analysis of split nitrogen application for improved wheat yield and grain protein content

被引:47
作者
Hu, Changlu [1 ,2 ]
Sadras, Victor O. [3 ,4 ]
Lu, Guoyan [2 ]
Zhang, Panxin [2 ]
Han, Yan [2 ]
Liu, Lin [2 ]
Xie, Junyu [5 ]
Yang, Xueyun [2 ]
Zhang, Shulan [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China
[2] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Minist Agr, Key Lab Plant Nutr & Agrienvironm Northwest China, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China
[3] Univ Adelaide, South Australian Res & Dev Inst, Adelaide, SA, Australia
[4] Univ Adelaide, Sch Agr Food & Wine, Adelaide, SA, Australia
[5] Shanxi Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Taigu 030801, Peoples R China
关键词
Tillage; Climate; Soil texture; Soil nutrient; Nitrogen rate; USE EFFICIENCY; WINTER-WHEAT; DURUM-WHEAT; STRAW MANAGEMENT; SPRING WHEAT; CROP YIELD; FERTILIZER; SOIL; QUALITY; TILLAGE;
D O I
10.1016/j.still.2021.105111
中图分类号
S15 [土壤学];
学科分类号
0903 ; 090301 ;
摘要
Management of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is critical to avoid the environmental consequences of both over fertilization and excess reactive N in the system, and chronic under-fertilization and soil mining. Split N application seeks to improve nitrogen use efficiency in both small-holdings and large-scale mechanized farms, but lack of conclusive evidence on its benefits restricts the adoption of this practice. Here we report a global meta-analysis of split N application in wheat using 129 studies with 2661 comparisons. Split N in 3-4 applications improved yield by 7.0 % and grain protein by 5.2 % in relation to single application. The effect of split N on yield was larger for winter wheat than for spring wheat, while split N improved grain protein in both winter and spring wheat. Its effects on both yield and grain protein were larger under conventional tillage, in humid climate especially for winter wheat, in coarse textured soils, on less fertile soils, and at high N rate. Splitting N in 3-4 applications would increase annual production of winter wheat by 12.9 M t grain and 1.3 M t protein globally. By identifying the conditions where split N application is more likely to deliver agronomic benefits, our study would contribute to the targeted adoption of this practice.
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页数:10
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