The application of mobile functional near-infrared spectroscopy for marketing research - a guideline

Purpose To advance marketing research and practice, this study aims to examine the application of the innovative, mobile-applicable neuroimaging method - mobile functional near-infrared spectroscopy (mfNIRS) - in the field of marketing research, providing comprehensive guidelines and practical recommendations. Design/methodology/approach A general review and investigation of when and how to use mfNIRS in business-to-consumer and business-to-business marketing settings is used to illustrate the utility of mfNIRS. Findings The research findings help prospective marketing and consumer neuroscience researchers to structure mfNIRS experiments, perform the analysis and interpret the obtained mfNIRS data. Research implications The application of mfNIRS offers opportunities for marketing research that allow the exploration of neural processes and associated behaviour of customers in naturalistic settings. Practical implications The application of mfNIRS as a neuroimaging method enables the investigation of unconscious neural processes that control customer behaviour and can act as process variables for companies. Originality/value This is one of the first studies to provide comprehensive guidelines and applied practical recommendations concerning when and how to apply mfNIRS in marketing research.